Drug Use Pattern in Hypertension Condition

Abstract

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a prevalent chronic condition affecting a substantial portion of the global population. Effective management of hypertension is crucial in mitigating the risk of cardiovascular complications. Pharmacological intervention serves as a cornerstone of treatment, and this study aims to analyze the contemporary drug use pattern in hypertension management. A range of antihypertensive drug classes, including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), diuretics, and beta-blockers, are widely utilized as first-line agents in the management of hypertension. These drugs act through various mechanisms, such as reducing peripheral resistance, modulating fluid balance, and affecting cardiac output, ultimately leading to the reduction of blood pressure. However, the choice of the specific class of antihypertensive drugs depends on individual patient characteristics, including age, comorbidities, and potential contraindications. Clinical evidence has demonstrated that monotherapy might not always achieve adequate blood pressure control, necessitating the use of combination therapy to attain target blood pressure levels. Although combination therapy has proven effective, concerns about polypharmacy-related complications and adverse drug interactions have been raised, highlighting the importance of regular monitoring and careful management. Non-adherence to prescribed antihypertensive regimens poses a significant challenge in hypertension management. Patients often struggle with complex dosing schedules, pill burden, and adverse effects, leading to suboptimal control of blood pressure and increased cardiovascular risks. Strategies addressing patient education, simplification of drug regimens, and the use of long-acting formulations have been proposed to improve medication adherence and overall treatment outcomes. Recent advancements in hypertension management have introduced novel therapeutic options, such as mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and vasodilators, providing additional choices for patients with resistant hypertension or specific comorbidities. These developments underscore the need for individualized treatment plans tailored to the unique requirements and responses of each patient.