Journal of Advances in Pharmacy Practices (e-ISSN: 2582-4465)

Application Perspectives of Royal Jelly: A Comprehensive Review

Nidhi Pandey, Leena Yadav, Ankit Kumar, Himala Sahu — Wed, 09 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0530

Nurse bees make royal jelly (RJ) to provide food for growing larvae and queen bees. The bulk of RJ is water (60-70%), followed by proteins, carbs, and lipids. Vitamins, enzymes, hormones, polyphenols, nucleotides, and small heterocyclic compounds are among the other minor components found in RJ. Eleven more elements and eight necessary amino acids round out the picture. RJ is a popular research topic since the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins is crucial for the development of beehive colonies and the generation of queens. The hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nursing bees make RJ, a yellowish-white, acidic substance that feeds worker larvae for three days and the queen bee's lifetime. RJ, a treasured natural resource, has been used in alternative medicine, nutritional supplements, and cosmetic treatments for millennia. As the most researched bee product, researchers have learned about its bioactivities including antibacterial, antioxidant, antiaging, immunomodulatory, and general tonic activity in clinical trials, microbiological organisms, farm animals, and laboratory animals. A recent study on RJ's key bioactive constituents—peptides, fatty acids, phenolics, proteins, etc. aims to improve biology, biochemistry, and treatments for life and health. The main focus of this article is on the bio effects of RJ, which include antioxidant, antimicrobial, wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-ageing, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, anti-hyperlipidemic, renoprotective, hepatoprotective, estrogenic, fertile, neuroprotective, etc. These results have important implications for future studies of the potential human and honeybee health advantages of RJ.

Potential Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) From Depapre Jayapura against Propionibacterium acnes

Wed, 18 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0530

Contains of Seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) are flavonoid compounds, saponins, triterpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, and tannins. These compounds are known to have the potential as antibacterial. This study aimed to determine the inhibition of antibacterial activity and the most effective concentration inhibiting Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The sample used in this study was seagrass leaves obtained from the Depapre District. Samples were extracted by the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. Then, the antibacterial test was carried out using the disk diffusion method. The medium used for bacterial isolation was Nutrient Agar (NA). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with concentrations of seagrass leaf extract 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm, positive control (clindamycin), and negative control (sterile distilled water). The inhibition zone diameter was analyzed using the ANOVA test. A further test was carried out to find out the difference between the treatments of a significantly honest difference (HSD). The results showed that the inhibition zone diameter in Propionibacterium acnes ranged from 6–10 mm (medium) and 10–20 mm (strong). Based on the results, it was shown that the interaction between the concentration of Thalassia hemprichii and the type of bacteria had a significant effect (P<0.01) on the inhibition zone diameter formed.

Microbiome: What it means for Gum Disease and Periodontal Disease

Abhinandan Patil — Wed, 09 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0530

Modulating the oral microbiome for therapeutic purposes has become a potential way to avoid and treat diseases of the mouth. Oral health depends on the oral microbiome, which is a complex community of bacteria that live in the mouth. Dysbiosis is an imbalance in the mouth bacteria community. Mouth diseases start and get worse because of dysbiosis. This abstract talk about different ways to change the mouth microbiome to restore a healthy mix of microorganisms and improve oral health. Probiotics, prebiotics, and antimicrobial drugs are used to introduce good microorganisms, specifically boost the growth of good bacteria, and get rid of bad microorganisms. Probiotics can fight harmful bacteria, increase the range of good bacteria, and boost the immune responses of the host. Prebiotics provide food for the good bacteria in your mouth, which helps them grow and slows the spread of pathogens. Antimicrobial drugs target and kill only harmful microorganisms, lowering the number of bacteria and stopping biofilms from forming. Another new approach is phage treatment, which uses bacteriophages to kill only harmful bacteria while keeping the good bacteria in the environment. Phages can be used instead of standard antibiotics, especially as bacteria become more resistant to antibiotics.

In the end, changing the oral microbiome for medicinal purposes could help avoid and treat oral illnesses. Probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial drugs, phage treatment, and host immune modulation techniques are all ways to restore a healthy balance of microorganisms in the oral area. More study and development in this area could change the way people take care of their teeth and make it easier to treat oral illnesses.

Lorazepam Injection Analysis: A Review

Yash Anil Rajgure, Rutuja Sanjay Chopade — Thu, 23 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0530

Lorazepam, a member of the benzodiazepine class of medications, is a versatile pharmaceutical agent with a range of clinical applications. Lorazepam injection, in particular, plays a crucial role in various medical scenarios. One of its primary uses is as a potent sedative and anxiolytic. When administered intravenously, lorazepam rapidly induces a state of calmness and relaxation in patients. This property makes it valuable for medical procedures and surgeries where anxiety reduction and sedation are essential. It is often preferred due to its quick onset of action. Lorazepam injection is also a valuable tool in managing acute agitation and aggressive behaviour in psychiatric patients. In emergencies, such as when a patient poses a risk to themselves or others, the intravenous administration of lorazepam can swiftly alleviate symptoms. This is particularly important in psychiatric settings and emergency rooms. In the context of neurology, lorazepam plays a crucial role in the treatment of status epilepticus, a life-threatening condition characterized by prolonged seizures. The drug's anticonvulsant properties help terminate seizures and prevent further complications. Its rapid action makes it a preferred choice in this critical situation. Furthermore, lorazepam is utilized during alcohol withdrawal treatment. It helps manage the symptoms associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome, including anxiety, tremors, and the risk of seizures. In summary, lorazepam injection is a valuable pharmaceutical tool with a wide range of clinical applications. Its ability to induce sedation, alleviate anxiety, manage agitation, and address critical medical conditions, such as status epilepticus and alcohol withdrawal syndrome, makes it a versatile medication in the healthcare arsenal. Nevertheless, its use requires careful consideration of potential risks and benefits, underlining the importance of professional oversight.

Peritoneal Carcinomatosis and Situs Inversus Totalis: A Rare Case Report

Gautham Krishna, Nihal Muhammed, Drishya L, Shaiju S. Dharan — Fri, 29 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0530

Gastric cancer remains one of the foremost important cancers around the world because it positions as the fifth most common cancer and the fourth driving cause of cancer passing all-inclusive. Situs inversus totalis (SIT) alludes to a turned-around area of the stomach and thoracic organs. The heart is found on the correct side of the chest (dextrocardia) with a total inversion of the heart chambers. The ordinary pulmonary anatomy is additionally turned around, so the cleared-out lung has three flaps and the proper lung has two flaps. In addition, the liver and gallbladder are found on the cleared-out side of the guts, though the spleen and stomach are found on the proper side. The remaining internal structures are moreover a reflected picture of the typical. This natural irregularity is outstandingly remarkable with a pace of one case in 10,000 births. SIT might be a phenomenal intrinsic irregularity that stances unique difficulties amid careful organization. Preoperative organizing, counting imaging and the mindful idea of careful techniques, are fundamental for powerful outcomes in SIT patients with gastric disease. The use of laparoscopic and automated procedures has seemed, by all accounts, to be secure and practical in this calm people. Advanced research is expected to push ahead the comprehension of the aetiology and optimal organization of SIT patients with gastric disease. SIT could be a remarkable innate eccentricity that stances unique difficulties during careful organization. Preoperative orchestrating, counting imaging and the wary idea of surgeries, are crucial for productive outcomes in SIT patients with gastric disease. Advanced careful fitness is expected to play out a definite lymphadenectomy in calm with SIT by envisioning the exact reflected image of the existing frameworks during the activity. The diligent had an ordinary intra-and postoperative course and was taken after up at the short-term division with no demonstration of rehash. All in all, medical procedures in comprehension with peritoneal disease and SIT can be safely performed by paying thought to the improved anatomic designs amid the activity.