Adherence to Antiretroviral Medication and Factors affecting it Among HIV-Positive Patients receiving it at Adama General Hospital

Abstract

Background: Before the development of highly active antiretroviral medication, AIDS and related illnesses caused a great deal of suffering and death. All AIDS-related morbidities and mortality have considerably decreased thanks to modern medication, especially in industrialized nations. However, this accomplishment is still elusive in underdeveloped nations, particularly in those in sub-Saharan Africa. This failure can be attributed to several factors. Poverty, ignorance about treatment, and inadequate therapy adherence are at the top of this list. Objective: To assess patient compliance with antiretroviral therapy and the factors affecting compliance among patients in Adama general hospital who are receiving antiretroviral therapy and are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of HIV-positive individuals who were being followed up from August 10 to August 24, 2018, a convenience sample technique was employed to assess adherence throughout this period. A structured questionnaire was used to interview 179 interviewers, and a self-report was used to determine adherence. Result:  Interviewers made up of 100 (68%) women, interviewees made up of 125 (70%) Oromo and participants made up of 170 (95%) orthodox. Approximately 127 (71%) of them reside in joint housing. It was discovered that 12 of them, or 7%, were sick and unable to work. 80 of them, or 45%, were found to make less than 150 birrs per month. Most of them, 161 (90%) of them, stated being happy with the support they get from friends and family. Conclusion and Recommendation:  The majority of participants (95%) had nearly flawless (>95%) adherence rates, and the reasons why certain subjects did not adhere may be modified. To increase awareness of the benefits of ART for PLWHA and problems with low adherence, health professionals (caregivers) should offer health education.