Types of Electrical Insulators and their Electrical Applications

Abstract

Electrical insulators in the interface or institutions are a non-metallic material that is electrically conductive or poorly conductive in which charge carriers are generally not free to move, an insulator can be polarized by an applied electric field, their average equilibrium positions causing the insulator polarization. Due to the dielectric polarization, positive charges are displaced in the direction of the field and negative charges move in the direction opposite to the field (for example, if the field moves in the positive x axis, then the negative charges will shift in the negative axis). This creates an internal electric field that reduces the total field within the insulator itself. If the insulator consists of poorly bonded particles, then these particles not only become polarized, but are also reoriented so that the axes of symmetry correspond to the field. Insulators are important for explaining various phenomena in electronics, optics, solid-state physics, and cell biophysics.