Energy Management in Microgrid between Fuel Cell and Storage Equipment
Keywords:
Distributed energy systems (DES), Energy management strategy (EMS), Fuel cells, Microgrids, OptimizationAbstract
The study suggests a design for an autonomous microgrid power system that runs separately from the main grid. Key system parameters including FC current, battery state-of-charge (SOC), and supercapacitor (SC) SOC are regulated using a conventional proportional-integral (PI) control technique. The system successfully performs as a microgrid thanks to the use of several control approaches, including equivalent minimization, fuzzy logic, state machines, PI control, external energy maximisation, and frequency decoupling control. Fuel cells must be hybridised with cutting-edge energy storage systems like lithium-ion batteries or supercapacitors to improve fuel economy and performance. To properly allocate load power across energy sources, an energy management strategy (EMS) is essential. Fuzzy logic is recommended to be replaced with state machine control, a rule-based methodology. Additionally, it is advised to use traditional PI controllers to regulate important performance factors including battery charge, supercapacitor voltage, and DC-bus voltage. The fuel cell can fulfil low-frequency demand thanks to frequency decoupling technology, while other energy sources manage high-frequency demand. The EMS makes sure that each energy source functions as efficiently as possible while staying within its parameters. The study recommends two different fuel-cell hybrid power system energy management strategies. The DC bus voltage (VDC) is kept within an acceptable range, and the battery SOC is kept within the desirable range of 56 to 65.4%. The study emphasises the necessity for more research into system optimisation, the use of various control methods, and the possibility of cost-saving innovations.
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