Integration of Microgrid including FACTS Controllers to the Distribution Network for Loss Reduction and Power Quality Improvement

Abstract

Electrical power scheme should transmit power with high power reliability, high power
factor, improved power quality and reduced loss while taking in to account the need to come
across the customer's load demand. However, owing to the depletion of fossil fuels and their
environmental impact, the availability of quality, stable, secure and reliable power system in
developing countries is wanting. Integrating a Microgrid to the distribution network is the
more viable and best alternative to satisfy the customer expanding power demand while
considering the strict environmental regulations of generating power. When the Microgrid
connected in a distribution network has different problems and challenges. The problems
include the formation of voltage sag and swell, voltage unbalance and power losses because
of the intermittent nature of PV and wind components of the Microgrid system. The aim of
this study is to integrate Microgrid system including FACTS controllers such as STATCOM
(Static Synchronous compensator) and UPFC (Unified power flow controller) to ensure the
higher power flow with enhanced voltage profile and reduced power loss. MATLAB/PSAT is
used to model and simulate Microgrid and FACTS controllers connected to the grid. The
effectiveness of UPFC and STATCOM with Microgrid integration is tested by connecting
them appropriately to the main distribution network using standard IEEE 30 Bus system.
Finally, it was observed that the FACTS controller increase the capacity of the conventional
transmission line and contribute to voltage profile improvements and power loss reduction.