Solar Energy a Promising Source for E-Vehicles

Abstract

The demand and availability of energy is growing day by day in the whole world. Renewable
energy resources will play an important role in the future as the conventional energy sources
like coal and petroleum are limited and declining. In the present situation, energy crisis is an
important very critical problem hence necessary to address. Basically, it is to verify the
availability to increase the generation or to install additional generators. Alternatively, load
management known as demand side management (DSM) strategy must be adopted. In the
current scenario, the uses of fossil fuel for the domestic transport are rapidly increasing and
indicate the threat in the near future. The adverse effects of the practice of such vehicles and
means leads to the environment pollution and health issues related to the living habitats. In
line with this the upcoming mode of transport is E-vehicles keeping concerned about the
environment pollution. The drawback of this mode of transport is the use of electric energy
for the propulsion and going to create additional burden on the existing power system setup
and infrastructure. But the use of power electronics and controls in Electric vehicles (EVs)
along with latest technologies is fostering and supporting the green transportation systems.
E-Vehicle charger is the role player in reducing the dependence on fossil fuels and is the
natural evolution of our energy infrastructure significantly. Consumer incentives are also
important to make the purchase of an electric vehicle and home fast-charging station more
affordable and attractive. To address this issue most of the developed countries have taken up
an initiative to extract solar photovoltaic conversion systems to store and transfer to the grid.
The present rate of use of E-vehicles is 70% compared to the earlier decade. From the
perspective of solar energy basically, it is extracted as either heat or light energy. But the
storage system is the bottle neck issue in this regard due to technical, economic barriers and
challenges. The power electronics interfaces male E-vehicle battery to get charged from the
grid if there is no source solar energy known as grid to vehicle (G2V). The other mode is to
transfer the stored energy from the storage battery to grid (V2G) as and when grid finds the
deficit of energy to meet its loads. Then the solar PV systems installed on the roof top of the
vehicle generate the electricity and is used for their operation by the battery support.
Therefore, the E-vehicles fitted with solar PV panels can even transfer electricity to the grid
(V2G). Hence, the suitable design and implementation can prove the solar photovoltaic
source as a promising source for such E vehicle application in the very near future. This
creates an opportunity to the engineers and enterprises.