The Mechano-Electrical Design of a Simplified Computer Numerical Control Router

Abstract

A router containing a tool component that can be controlled by a computer numerical control is referred to as a computer numerical control (CNC) router.  It is a machine that employs computer control to execute activities on varied materials, including drilling, cutting, and milling. The mechatronics design of a condensed CNC router that can execute simultaneous three-axis interpolation operations is demonstrated in this paper. The mechanical structure, electronics, stepper motors, G code sender software, stepper motor driver, coupler nut, threaded rod, and power functional components that make up the CNC router's architecture are covered. The USB port acts as the interface between the devices' control and software.  The success of this idea will promote interest in Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) among engineers, technicians, and engineering students. The machine was intended to suit a workpiece whose tool could move it up to a maximum of 16.03, 13.47, and 5.77 cm in the X, Y, and Z-axes, respectively. The stepper motors utilized had a capacity of 4.8 to 70 watts and a torque of more than 3.2 kg/cm. Focusing on performance assessment of upgraded CNC router designs with sophisticated regression methods to develop the best prediction model should be the future trend.