Snake Bite: How it Cause Renal Failure?

Abstract

Renal failure due to snakebite is a leading cause of death among people. Snake envenomation in human which can be complicated with acute kidney injury. India has the highest number of snake bites, around 81,000 and mortality rate 11,000 per year. Mechanism vary depend upon the type of snake and Haemostatic defect occur in number of ways such as, Venom from Russell's viper, Venom pro-coagulants and Elipid and some colubrid venoms. Most of the non-enzymatic proteins are necessary for the breakdown of the endothelium. Clinical manifestations and diagnostic tests are important to identify the type of snake. The main clinical manifestations are oliguria, hematuria, Glossopharyngeal palsy and Ptosis. Diagnostic tests are blood tests including coagulation time and other components. The Immediate management is necessary to save the life of the person who is affected by snakebite and Antivenom therapy is the gold standard for snake bite. Educate the people regarding renal replacement therapy and other techniques, first aid for snake bite.