A Review and Perspectives on the Thermodynamics of Energy Systems and Processes

Abstract

Even though heat remains the core idea in
thermodynamics, a relatively new scientific
field that resulted from research using
thermometry and calorimetry. Heat is related
to various forms of energy. The connection
between different kinds is crucial and has to
do with the conversion procedures. At the
time of Carnot, the thermomechanical
conversion process was the first to be studied.
Equilibrium to qualify engines,
thermodynamics was useful in conjunction
with the efficiency notion. However, since
then, second law parts of thermodynamics as
well as studies of mass and heat exchanges
(thermokinetics) have been studied strongly.
It leads to a fresh evaluation of energy
systems and procedures that is pertinent to a
genuine thermodynamics approach. The
entropy ratio approach is compared to the
entropy flux method. An adiabatic and nonadiabatic systems comparison is conducted
between an endoreversible case and an
irreversible case. Systems with and without
constraints are contrasted. The key
implications of these comparisons are
discussed, as well as prospects for the future
of the main system types (reverse machines,
engines, and other alternative combinations).
In summary, FDOT (Finite Dimensions
Thermodynamics) seems to be a useful tool
that will likely be developed further.