Reason for Hospitalization Among Antenatal Mothers- A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Prenatal hospital admission can be offered, in such a way complete assessment can be made or for increased foetal or maternal surveillance to diagnose any decline in the maternal or foetal condition which may necessitate medical interventions or lead to delivery. High-risk pregnancy is the condition that is complicated by the factors that unfavourably affect the pregnancy outcome-maternal or perinatal or both. The objective of the study was to assess the reason for hospitalization among the antenatal mothers. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify the reason for the admission of antenatal mothers in the selected maternity hospital, Puducherry. Data were retrieved from the admission register for the past one-month period (January to February 2019). Totally there were 358 admission out of which 303 mother’s data were included for this study and 55 mother’s data were excluded due to incomplete information Results: The major findings of the study showed the majority 207 (68.3%) had any type of risk during antenatal period and 96 (31.7%) of the mothers were healthy. Th risk factors included gestational diabetic mellitus accounted for 52 (17.2%), Previous LSCS accounted for 38 (12.5%), Oligohydramnios/ Polyhydramnios accounted for 34 (11.2%), Gestational Hypertension accounted for 17 (5.6%), Hypothyroidism accounted for 17 (5.6%), Rh negative, diabetic mellitus and Intra uterine growth retardation accounted for 10 (3.3%) separately, Anaemia was accounted for 9 (3%), Pre-term accounted for 3 (1%), Fibroid, VDRL positive, Varicose vein, Cervical Incompetence, HIV and Syphilis accounted for 1 (3%) individually. There was a significant association with the bad obstetric history and risk factor for antenatal hospitalization. (p<0.01). Conclusion: The study results highlighted and proved statistically that gestational diabetic mellitus was the chief cause for antenatal hospitalization and many others conditions associated and act as risk factors for antenatal mothers’ admission. Hence, there is a need for pre-conceptual as well as prenatal counselling for mothers to prevent from the risk factors and identify them earlier and eventually to reduce maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality.