A Review Paper on Generation of Electricity Using Waste Material

Abstract

The huge increase in the production of waste materials in India and its potential hazardous effects on the environment and human health has resulted in the creation of several diseases in the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate scholarly methods for the safe disposal of garbage. One such innovative idea is the generation of electricity using solid waste. This will help to reduce pollution by ceasing the production of almost all hazardous gasses such as CO₂, CO, SO₂, NO₂ and heavy metals like mercury to a large extent. With a huge population of millions, India produces large quantities of waste daily. Therefore, we thought it would be beneficial to work on this idea and it is time to introduce the idea of waste to energy in India. First, we carried out a map plan for research to gather the facts of overall waste generation in India. Generating electricity from waste materials has been identified as one of the most promising and sustainable solutions to two major global issues: increasing demand for energy and growing waste accumulation. In this article, we will provide an overview of the cutting-edge methods and technologies used to generate electricity from waste materials, while emphasizing their environmental and economic advantages. WTE technologies include a wide variety of processes, including incineration and gasification, as well as anaerobic digestion or pyrolysis. These processes turn various types of waste (including municipal solid waste, agricultural residues and industrial byproducts) into electrical power. Not only do these methods reduce the amount of waste going to landfills, but they also provide a dependable source of clean electricity. One of the primary benefits of electricity generation from waste is its ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as combustion and gasification processes produce less carbon dioxide than traditional fossil-based power generation methods. Furthermore, the use of waste materials reduces the environmental burden of landfilling, as well as the uncontrolled decomposition of waste, which releases methane, a powerful greenhouse gas.