Sustainable Use of Ceramic Waste Powder and Ferrochrome Slag in Concrete- A Review

Abstract

Worldwide, there is a huge need for construction materials, the fact is that, after water, concrete is the second most common substance utilized. It is expected that there will be a significant increase in ceramic waste as a result of the rising demand for ceramics. In order to address the issue of growing ceramic waste and lower energy use and CO2 emissions during cement manufacture, ceramic waste can be used as SCMs (Supply chain management). Ceramic waste powders (CWP) still exhibit high pozzolanic reactivity due to reactive SiO2 and Al2O3, just like plant shell ash, tailings slag, glass, solid waste incinerator bottom ash, and other SCMs. Reactive silica content can reach more than 25% in some ceramic powders. The early strength development of cement mortar is not evidently improved by the CWP, which mostly serves as a micro-filler and lowers the early-age strength of cement mortar. Because of the urgent demand for concrete, there has been widespread mining and excavation activity around the world, which has caused land degradation and the production of solid waste. The created trash will ultimately mix with the air, water, and land if it is not properly disposed of or managed. Two solid waste materials—ceramic waste powder (CWP) and ferrochrome slag (FCS)—have been selected for this inquiry to put environmental sustainability at the forefront of this work. Between 70–80% of the volume of concrete is typically made up of natural aggregate. The ferrochrome slag generated by the steel industry has been heavily exploited in this assessment in order to save natural aggregates. It is expected that there would be an increase in ceramic waste as a result of the rising demand for ceramics. In order to address the issue of growing ceramic waste and lower energy use and CO2 emissions during cement manufacture, ceramic waste can be used as SCMs. Ceramic waste powders (CWP) still exhibit high pozzolanic reactivity due to reactive SiO2 and Al2O3, just like plant shell ash, tailings slag, glass, solid waste incinerator bottom ash, and other SCMs. Reactive silica content can reach more than 25% in some ceramic powders. The early strength development of cement mortar is not evidently improved by the CWP, which mostly serves as a micro-filler and lowers the early-age strength of cement mortar. Ceramic waste powder and ferrochrome slag, respectively, are used in place of cement and aggregates partially in this study. Two materials' physical characteristics are examined. When both elements are included in concrete, the characteristics of both materials, both fresh and hardened, are evaluated.