Water Quality Assessments Using Remote Sensing Images and Analog Sensors

Abstract

Clean water is one of the most essential resources required to sustain life and the quality of drinking water plays an essential role in the well-being and health of human beings. As India grows and urbanizes, its water bodies are getting polluted. It is calculated that around 70% of surface water in India is not good for consumption. Every day, almost 40 million liters of wastewater enter rivers and other water bodies with only a small fraction adequately treated. Urban black and odorous water (BOW) is a common worldwide environmental issue. Since these water bodies are small ponds or lakes or rivers, the detection of BOW waters using traditional methodologies and algorithms is limited both by a lack of spatial resolution and by imperfect retrieval algorithms. Here to differentiate between the ordinary water and black and odorous water (BOW), we use two different algorithms namely baseline height and the ratio of red to the green band [Rrs (green) −– Rrs (red))/(Rrs (green) + Rrs (red)]. We take images from the Giovanni and Ocean web color websites, these applications allow us to visualize selected geophysical parameters. To assure the safe supply of drinking water the quality should be monitored in real-time for that purpose IoT (Internet of Things) based water quality monitoring is introduced. In this paper we design, implement, and develop an effective and efficient system for real-time monitoring of water quality in IoT (internet of things).