The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Drug Response and Resistance

https://doi.org/10.46610/JPRD.2023.v05i02.003

Abstract

The inability of epigenetic modifications to control gene expression has been related to a variety of diseases and conditions, including cancer and neurological ailments, amongst others. In recent years, there has been a rise in the amount of attention in pharmacology that is focused on the role that epigenetic modifications play in the response to medicine and the development of drug resistance. This concise review will attempt to provide a synopsis of what is currently known on the influence that epigenetic changes have on the treatment efficacy and resistance mechanisms of various diseases. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are some of the key epigenetic markers that are covered in this article in relation to their function in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. In addition, we highlight the development of approaches that attempt to enhance treatment outcomes while simultaneously overcoming drug resistance by targeting epigenetic alterations. A fundamental understanding of the connection between epigenetics and pharmacological response is required for the development of individualized treatment plans and the identification of novel therapeutic targets.