Modeling and Analysis of Dissimilar Welding Process of AISI 1020 Steel with the AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract

The dissimilar welding of AISI 1020 steel with AISI 304 stainless steel is a complex and vital area of research in materials science and engineering. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the welding process, microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and potential applications of such joints. The dissimilar welding process was carried out using various techniques, including Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), and Electron Beam Welding (EBW). The microstructural analysis revealed the formation of a distinct weld zone with varying phases and grain structures, which significantly influence the mechanical properties of the joint.

Through extensive mechanical testing, including tensile, impact, and hardness tests, the properties of the dissimilar welds were evaluated. The results demonstrate the influence of welding parameters, post-weld heat treatment, and filler materials on the joint's mechanical behaviour. Additionally, the corrosion resistance of the welded joints in different environments was investigated to assess their suitability for various applications.

The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the dissimilar welding of AISI 1020 steel and AISI 304 stainless steel, offering guidance for optimizing welding parameters, selecting appropriate filler materials, and designing post-weld heat treatment processes to enhance the mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties of the joints. This research contributes to the development of dissimilar welding techniques for a wide range of industrial applications, such as the automotive, aerospace, and structural engineering sectors, where materials with diverse properties need to be joined effectively.