A Reliable RPL Routing Protocol using Trust-based Multicasting for IoT

Abstract

Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), is specifically developed for devices operate with constraints on energy (battery life), power (processing unit), and memory. These devices are widely part of a class of networks known as LLNS (Low-Power and Lossy Networks). Meanwhile, the IoT (Internet of Things) network consists of billions of such devices also requires a routing protocol like RPL which provides security, sensitivity, efficiency, and reliability throughout the transmission. Hence, RPL provides the common platform for devices operated in LLNS and IoT, this is proved by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) by standardizing the RPL as a network layer protocol. Therefore, RPL becomes a significant routing protocol for iot. That is the reason being for catching eyeballs of researchers towards rpl, to address its current issues and improve the standard of this protocol. RPL is still growing and hence facing a lot of challenges in terms of security, mobility, and reliability. In this paper, a reliable multicast mechanism based on a trust algorithm is proposed to improve the energy efficiency and network lifetime. This idea is mainly aiming the development of trust among the nodes, to select the minimal trustworthy path from source to destination. Those nodes of having good behavior (i.e. Successful delivery of the data to a neighbor) can participate in the establishment of routing path, other than those marked as malicious nodes (i.e. Deny service or delivery to other nodes) are removed from the path or network, which results in an optimal path establishment known as multicasting. The simulation is done using the MATLAB tool and results show that the proposed methodology is efficient as compared to traditional RPL having broadcasting among nodes in terms of energy, throughput, packet delivery to the base station, and overall network lifetime.