Zonation of Conflict between Sun Bear (Helarctos Malayanus) - Human as an Effort Wildlife Conflict Mitigation

Abstract

In Indonesia, there are many endemic animals that have conservation status, one of which is sun bears. Recent environmental problems that have a significant impact on wildlife include changes in land cover, reduced food sources (vegetation), infrastructure development, and a clear impact on human conflict with wildlife such as sun bears. The aim of this research is to for conflict zoning with geospatial technology and planning a priority of conflict mitigation. The data used are Sentinel 2A Satellite Imagery, RBI maps of the Geospatial Information Agency, and records of animal conflict incidents from the BKSDA West Sumatra. The method used in this research is spatial interaction use basic Euclidean distance, natural logarithmic, and regression logistic, all of the method applied in geographical information system and maximum entropy. We have discovered the distribution of energy in each variable of the landscape ecosystem, which influences a conflict zone. The average AUC prediction is 0.91, which shows the performance of this model is very good. The strongest contribution in this modeling was given by the forest edge variable with a percentage value of 39.2%, alternative food (plantations) contributed 31.4%, forest fragmentation with a percentage contribution of 16.9%. This conflict zone is divided into classes for priority to management. Conflict management must apply in regional scale to local scale, which needs to be synergized with the regional spatial plan.