Case Reports on Arthritis, Urethritis, Conjunctivitis, and Mucocutaneous Lesions are all Symptoms of the Same Clinical Tetrad (HLA-B27-Associated Spondyloarthropathy, Reiter Syndrome)

Abstract

Reiter syndrome is also known as the clinical tetrad of mucocutaneous lesions, conjunctivitis, arthritis, and urethritis. When he was admitted to the hospital in poor condition, he had Flu-like symptom, circinate balanitis, purulent urethritis, low back pain, dactilitis, keratoderma blenorrhagica, swollen and painful knee and tarsal joints, and bilateral conjunctivitis, and oral erosive lesions. He also had keratoderma blenorrhagica Sacroileitis, thoracic spondilosis, and foot arthritis were all detected by radiography and computerised axial tomography (CAT). The laboratory tests showed the existence of HLA-B27, pyuria, proteinuria, Negative rheumatoid factor, neutrophilic leukocytosis, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hypoalbuminemia, and all of the above. Blood, stool, eyes, urethra, throat, pustular lesions, and microbiologically evaluated samples were all sterile. Chlamydia trachomatis was present in the urethral smear sample (PCR). Skin lesions' histological appearance was consistent with pustular psoriasis. Clinical improvement was induced by systemic administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and antibiotics medications. A 21-year-old male patient's condition started to show itself as a skin rash, discomfort, and joint swelling. Treatment for reactive arthritis is difficult. Antibacterial medication may help treat uroarthritis. The two medications that are still most frequently used in the treatment are non-steroid anti-inflammatory medicines and sulfasalazine. When inflammatory symptoms are unresponsive to NSAIDs, steroids are used. There is no definitive diagnosis that can be made based solely on testing or clinical indicators; there is also no gold standard. When the symptoms start, the offending organism might not be curable. To make the diagnosis, it is required to evaluate the clinical presentation in conjunction with the test results. With recurrences and prolonged symptoms; the disease frequently has a poor prognosis. Multidisciplinary management and a thorough evaluation are necessary. Disability can be kept to a minimum with early detection and effective care.