Insights into Recent Advancements in Pharmacotherapeutics for Allergic Conjunctivitis

Abstract

As much as 40 percent of the population in the first world suffers from allergies, making it the sixth most common chronic condition overall. Its pathogenesis is influenced by the immune system's sensitization to antigens and environmental stimuli and includes a hereditary component. Novel treatment development for ocular allergies should advance when the mediators responsible for the condition are identified via ongoing study. PubMed and Medline were used to conduct a literature review on allergic conjunctivitis, ocular allergy, and their respective treatments. Information from clinicaltrials.gov and other related websites on medications now in clinical trials is also provided. Identifying and avoiding allergen triggers is always the first step in treatment. The latest generation of dual-acting antihistamines is the backbone of therapy. The introduction of drugs that provide greater and longer-lasting comfort to a higher percentage of subjects is a slow but steady process. The availability of models like the conjunctival allergen challenge makes allergic conjunctivitis an accessible condition to investigate. Through the use of these models, we are getting closer to discovering the next generation of anti-allergic treatment by testing compounds that inhibit inflammatory pathways or mediators involved in the onset and resolution of an allergic reaction.