Optoelectronic Devices and their Applications

Abstract

Optoelectronics is a sub-field of photonics. The word "Opto" refers to Light, Optics, Photons"; "electronics" refers to "involve movement of electrons" and thus "Optoelectronic" refers to "converts light energy into electrical energy". It can be also said as optronics. This optoelectronic technology is found to have a deeper impact on the industrial revolution and society. The light source mentioned above may be of any kind such as visible light, gamma rays, x- rays, ultraviolet rays, or infrared rays. Optoelectronic devices are primarily transducers and thus they are used in converting one energy form to another. Optoelectronic devices are electrical-to-optical or optical-to-electrical instruments. Organic optoelectronics is also an upcoming emerging research field that relies on the advantages of the deformable properties of organic semiconductor materials for applications in various sectors at the interface of both optoelectronics and science. The Optoelectronic devices which are conventional and perform at a high level always rely on the single-crystalline inorganic semiconductors, which refer to materials such as silicon or gallium arsenide, which is then built on brittle and rigid substrates. Optoelectronic devices usually represent the components used to receive or emit electromagnetic radiation, typically in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions of the electromagnetic rays. Each of these functions of these devices exploits the photoelectric effect of materials, and it is also known as light-matter interaction. This article reviews you about the Optoelectronic devices and its prospects in the upcoming years. There are many developing branches emerging very dramatically in this optoelectronic technology like organic optoelectronics and mainly this technology is used in the manufacturing of semiconductor materials.