Recent Development of Transition Metal Oxide Bismuth Vanadate Electrode Materials for Supercapacitor Applications: A Review

Abstract

During the last decade, the supercapacitor, a replacement that may someday replace batteries, has sparked increased interest in energy-storage applications. For environmental and financial reasons, electrode materials with high energy and power density, and other electrochemical stability are vital to completing this critical duty. Numerous investigations on metal-based compounds and their composites have been conducted. Bismuth materials and composites stand out because of their redox behaviour, environmental friendliness, low toxicity charge storage capacity, and increased interest in employing them as energy storage for supercapacitor technology. In this article, we provide an overview of research on bismuth materials and their composites with a focus on energy storage applications and, more importantly, a focus on the study of their super capacitive performance, including specific capacitance, cycle stability, energy density, power density, and respective potential window and current density, as well as other electrochemical parameters.